New forms of, and risk factors for, high-level transnational corruption schemes

The handbook “New forms of, and risk factors for, high-level transnational corruption schemes“, carried out under the KLEPTOTRACE project, examines the schemes of high-level transnational corruption and kleptocracy, and the potential role of sanctions in combating them. It sets the stage for future reports on sanctions evasion enforcement.

Our analysis of 42 high-level corruption cases from 84 different countries highlights the transnational nature of this crime and the need for closer international cooperation, and examines how sanctions are being used outside the EU to reach offenders and their facilitators beyond borders.

It also explores sectors, offender profiles, drivers and modi operandi. This to define new risk factors for identifying kleptocratic systems, also for implementation in the KLEPTOTRACE asset recovery and sanctions tracing tool, and to draw policy implications for strengthening enforcement.

This Handbook has been carried out by the project coordinator Transcrime – Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, with contributions from the Harokopio University of Athens.